United Airlines Flight 175 is a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Logan International Airport, in Boston, Massachusetts, to Los Angeles International Airport, in Los Angeles, California. On September 11, 2001, Boeing 767-200 operated the route was hijacked by five al-Qaeda terrorists and flown to the South Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing all 65 people inside and unconfirmed numbers in the building. impact zone.
About thirty minutes before the flight, the hijackers forcibly broke the cockpit and defeated the first pilots and officers, allowing main hijacker and trained pilot Marwan al-Shehhi to take over the reins. Unlike Flight 11, which changed its transponders, aircraft transponders were seen on the New York Center radar, and the aircraft deviated from the flight path set for four minutes before the air traffic controller saw this change at 08:51 EDT. They made several unsuccessful attempts to contact the cockpit. Unknown to the hijackers, several passengers and flight crews made phone calls from the plane to family members and provided information about the hijackers and injuries sustained by passengers and crew.
The plane hit Tower Two (South Tower) from World Trade Center at 09:03. Flight Flight 175 was coordinated with American Airlines Flight 11, which crashed into the top of Tower One (North Tower) 17 minutes earlier. The Flight 175 crash to the South Tower was the only immediate impact seen on television around the world as it happened. Subsequent impacts and fires caused the South Tower to collapse 56 minutes after the accident, resulting in hundreds of additional casualties. During the recovery effort at the World Trade Center site, the workers discovered and identified the remains of the 175 Flight victims (see Aftermath section below), but many other unidentifiable body parts.
Video United Airlines Flight 175
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The team of hijackers at United Airlines Flight 175 was led by Marwan al-Shehhi, from the United Arab Emirates. Shehhi obtained a commercial pilot license during training in southern Florida, along with Flight 11 hijacker and plot coordinator, Mohamed Atta. The muscle hijackers on Flight 175 include Fayez Banihammad, from the UAE, and three Saudis: brothers Hamza al-Ghamdi and Ahmed al-Ghamdi, and Mohand al-Shehri. On August 13, 2001, Marwan al-Shehhi bought two four-inch pocket knives from the Sports Authority store in Boynton Beach, Florida, while Banihammad bought two snap knives at Wal-Mart, and Hamza al-Ghamdi bought a multi-tool Leatherman Wave.
In early September 2001, Flight 175 group hunters arrived in Boston from Florida. Hamza al-Ghamdi and Ahmed al-Ghamdi arrived together on 7 September and were checked at the Charles Hotel in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The next day, they moved to the Days Inn in Boston. Fayez Banihammad flew from Florida to Boston, along with Mohand al-Shehri, on September 8, and they checked into the Milner Hotel in Boston. Marwan al-Shehhi arrived in Boston on September 9 and stayed at the Milner Hotel, where he shared a room with Flight hijacker 11 Mohamed Atta.
Maps United Airlines Flight 175
Flights
The flight operated with Boeing 767-200, the registration number N612UA, was built and delivered in 1983, with a capacity of 168 passengers (10 in first class, 32 in business class, and 126 in economy class). On the day of the attack, flights made only 56 passengers and 9 crew members, representing a 33 percent load factor - well below the load factor averaging 49 percent in the three months before September 11. Nine crew members including Captain. Victor Saracini, First Officer Michael Horrocks, and flight attendants Robert Fangman, Amy Jarret, Amy King, Kathryn Laborie, Alfred Marchand, Michael Tarrou, and Alicia Titus. Excluding the hijackers, the passengers on the plane included 35 men, 12 women, and three children all under the age of 5, and included Garnet "Ace" Bailey, pro scouting director for the Los Angeles Kings and former National Hockey League Player.
Dormitory
Hamza al-Ghamdi and Ahmed al-Ghamdi checked out from their hotel and hailed a taxi to take them to Logan International Airport. They arrived at United Airlines counter at Terminal C at 6:20 pm Eastern time and Ahmed al-Ghamdi checked two bags. The two hijackers indicated they wanted to buy tickets, even though they already had paper tickets. They find it difficult to answer standard security questions, so reply agents repeat questions very slowly until people give the right answers. The pilot hijacker Marwan al-Shehhi was examined in one bag at 6:45 am, and the other remaining hijackers, Fayez Banihammad and Mohand al-Shehri, registered at 6:53. Banihammad examined two bags. None of the hijackers were selected for extra scrutiny by the Computer Assisted Passenger Prescreening System (CAPPS).
Shehhi and the other hijackers Flight 175 increased between 07:23 and 07:28. Banihammad went up first and sat in class 2A chair, while Mohand al-Shehri was in seat 2B. At 07:27, Shehhi and Ahmed al-Ghamdi boarded, and sat in business class seats each 6C and 9D. A minute later, Hamza al-Ghamdi climbs, and sits in 9C.
The flight is scheduled to leave at 08:00 for Los Angeles. Fifty-one passengers and five hijackers boarded the 767 through Gate 19 Terminal 19. The aircraft pushed back at 7:58 am and took off at 08:14 from ground 9, around the same time Flight 11 was hijacked. At 08:33, the plane reached a cruising altitude of 31,000 feet, which is the point when cabin service usually begins. At 08:37, the air traffic controller asked the Flight 175 pilot if they could see American Airlines Flight 11. The crew replied that Flight 11 was at 29,000 feet, and the controller ordered Flight 175 to turn around and avoid the plane. The pilots stated that they had heard suspicious transmission from Flight 11 at take-off. "It sounds like someone is typing a microphone and saying everyone is still in your seat", reports the crew. This is the last transmission of Flight 175.
Hijacking
It is estimated that Flight 175 was hijacked between 08:42 and 08:46, while Flight 11 was just minutes from the North Tower. According to Flight 175: As World Watch, it is believed that the "muscular hijackers" Fayez Banihammad and Mohand al-Shehri forcibly entered the cockpit and killed the pilot while Hamza al-Ghamdi and Ahmed al-Ghamdi began to move passengers and crew to the rear of the plane. The first operational evidence that something abnormal on Flight 175 came at 08.47, when the transponder signal of the aircraft changed twice in a span of one minute, and the plane began to deviate from the specified path. However, the air traffic controller responsible for the flight did not pay attention until several minutes later at 08:51. Unlike Flight 11, which has turned off its transponders, Flight 175 flight data is still well monitored. Also, at 08:51, Flight 175 changed the height. For the next three minutes, the controller made five unsuccessful attempts to contact Flight 175 and worked to move another aircraft in the vicinity of Flight 175.
Near-collisions
At around this time, the flight had an airborne collision with Delta Air Lines Flight 2315, reportedly missing a plane with only 300 feet or 90 meters, as air traffic controller Dave Bottiglia frantically tried to tell Delta pilots to take evasive action. Bottiglia was the first person in the control center who realized Flight 175 was hijacked when he gave directions for turns. Flight 175 did not respond, but speeded up and headed for the Delta plane. The controller ordered the Delta pilot, "Take whatever action it takes.We have a plane we do not know what he's doing, any action at all." Moments before Flight 175 crashed, it avoided another near collision with Midwest Express Flight 7, which flew from Milwaukee to New York.
At 08:55, a supervisor at the New York Air Traffic Control Center notified the operations manager of the 175 Flight hijacking center, and Dave Bottiglia, who handles both Flight and Flight 175, noted, "we may have piracy here, two of them. " At 08:58, the plane ended in New Jersey at 28,500 feet, heading for New York City. Within five minutes of about 8:58 pm when Shehhi completed the final round to New York City until the moment of the collision, the plane was in continuous power, decreasing more than 24,000 feet in 5 minutes 4 seconds, to an average rate of over 5,000 feet per minute. The New York Center air traffic controller Dave Bottiglia reported he and his colleagues were "counting down altitudes, and they were down, right at the end, at 10,000 feet per minute.That's completely unheard of for commercial jets."
Call
Flight attendant Robert Fangman, as well as two passengers (Peter Hanson and Brian David Sweeney), made a phone call from a GTE phone on the back of the plane. The Airphone recording also shows that Garnet Bailey made four attempts at phone calls, trying to reach his wife.
Fangman called the office of United Airlines in San Francisco at 08:52, and spoke to Marc Policastro. Fangman reported the hijacking and said that the hijackers were likely to fly the plane. He also said that both pilots were killed and a stewardess was stabbed. After one minute and 15 seconds, Fangman's call was decided. Policastro then made an effort to contact the cockpit of the aircraft using the Air Communications Address and Reporting (ACARS) communication system.
Brian David Sweeney tried to call his wife, Julie, at 08:58, but finally left a message, telling him that the plane had been hijacked. He then calls his parents at 9:00 and talks with his mother, Louise. Sweeney told her mother about the hijacking and mentioned that passengers were considering attacking the cockpit and taking over the plane.
At 8:52 pm, Peter Hanson called his father, Lee Hanson, in Easton, Connecticut, to tell him about piracy. Hanson is traveling with his wife, Sue, and 2-year-old daughter, Christine. The family was originally seated in Row 19, in seats C, D, and E; However, Peter puts a call to his father from seat 30E. Speaking softly, Hanson said that the hijackers had held the cockpit, that a stewardess was stabbed, and maybe someone else in front of the plane had been killed. He also said that the plane was flying erratically. Hanson asked his father to call United Airlines, but Lee could not get past him and instead called the police.
Peter Hanson made a second phone call to his father at 09:00:
It's getting worse, Dad. A stewardess was stabbed. They seem to have knives and Mace. They say they have bombs. It was very bad on the plane. The plane made a jerky motion. I do not think the pilot was flying the plane. I thought we were going down. I think they intend to go to Chicago or somewhere and fly to a building. Do not worry, Dad. If that happens, it will be very fast... Oh my God... oh my God, my God. "
When the call suddenly ended, Hanson's father heard a woman scream.
Crash
At 9:01, two minutes before impacting Flight 175 continued its decline to Lower Manhattan, the New York Center warned the nearest Air Traffic Facility responsible for low-flying aircraft, which could monitor the aircraft lanes in New Jersey, and then above Staten Island and Upper New York Bay in its final moments. (Flight 175 came from the southwest, apparently toward the Empire State Building, but turned right, then went to the South Tower.)
Precisely at 9:03:02, Flight 175 hit the first nose to the south facade of the South Tower of the World Trade Center, at a speed of about 590 mph (950 km/h, 264 m/s, or 513 knots) and striking between the 77 and 85 floors with about 10,000 US gallons (38,000 Ã, Â °, 8,300Ã, gal) of jet fuel on the plane. The youngest man on Flight 175 is Christine Hanson 2 years old from Groton, Massachusetts, and the oldest is 80-year-old Dorothy DeAraujo from Long Beach, California. Hundreds of others died inside the tower and from the explosion that occurred, the fire, and finally collapsed. An estimated 637 people were killed instantly or trapped in and on the impact floor in the South Tower.
Based on the position of the aircraft from eyewitness statements and videotapes, the plane was in the left turn at the last moment, as it appears that the plane may have lost the building or simply scratched it with its wings. As it falls, the plane turns left. Those on the left side of the plane will, therefore, have a clear view of the approaching tower, with one burning, until the last flight.
By the time Flight 175 crashed into the South Tower, several media organizations had covered the 11th Aviation accident, which had hit the North Tower 17 minutes earlier. Pictures of Flight 175 accidents are thus caught on video from some profitable point on live television and amateur videos, while about 100 cameras catch FlightÃ, 175 in the photo before falling. The videotape of the accident was repeated many times in the news broadcast on the day of the attack and in the days that followed, before the major news networks restricted the use of the tape.
After the plane penetrated the tower, part of the aircraft's landing gear and plane came out from the north side of the tower and hit a roof and two floors 45-47 Park Place between West Broadway and Church Street, 600 feet (180 meters) north of the former World Trade Center. Three floor blocks from the top floor of the building were destroyed, causing major structural damage.
Collapse
Unlike in the North Tower, initially, one of the three stairs was intact after Flight 175 crashed into the South Tower. This is because the airplane hit the tower offset from the center and not centered as did Flight 11 in the North Tower. Only 18 people passed the impact zone through the available stairs and left the South Tower safely before collapsing. One of them, Stanley Praimnath, was on the 81st floor, and his office suffered a direct blow. He watched Flight 175 coming toward him. One wing sliced ​​through his office and was finally wedged in the doorway about 20 feet away. Nothing escapes above the impact point in the North Tower.
Some people above the impact zone make their way up toward the roof in hopes of rescuing a helicopter. However, door access to the roof is locked. In any case, heavy smoke and strong heat block the rescue helicopter from the landing.
The South Tower collapsed at 9:59 am, after burning for 56 minutes.
Aftermath
Flight recorders for Flight 11 and Flight 175 are never found. Some debris from Flight 175 was found nearby, including a landing gear found on top of a building on the corner of West Broadway and Park Place, a machine found in Church & amp; Murray Street, and part of the aircraft landed on the 5 World Trade Center.
During the recovery process, small pieces were identified from several passengers on Flight 175, including a six-inch bone belonging to Peter Hanson, and a small piece of Lisa Frost bone. In 2008, the remains of Flight 175 passenger Alona Avraham were identified using DNA samples. Still many others over Flight 175 never recovered.
Shortly after September 11, flight numbers for future flights on the same route were changed from Flight 175 to Flight 1525 "in honor of those killed in the attack." Since then, United Airlines has given new numbers and rescheduled all flights from Boston to Los Angeles, and no morning flights leave at 8:00 am. EDT. In August 2016, the nearest flight is Flight 429, departing at 6:50 am, using the Boeing 737-900. It was reported in May 2011 that United reactivated flight numbers 175 and 93 as a codeshare operated by Continental, sparking criticism from some in the media and unions representing British pilots. However, United said reactivation was a mistake and said the numbers were "accidentally restored", and would not be reactivated.
On April 26, 2013, a part of the ship's flap mechanism from Boeing 767 was found sandwiched between two buildings at Park Place.
At the National September 11 Memorial, the names of Flight 175 victims were written in South Pool, in Panel S-2 - S-4.
Citizenship on airplanes
Sixty passengers and crew on board are the following citizens:
Note: This list does not include the citizenship of five hijackers.
See also
- American Airlines Flight 77
- American Airlines flight 11
- United Airlines Flight 93
- Communications during the September 11 attacks
References
External links
- Commission 9/11 Final Report
- Memorial page of CNN September 11, with passenger and crew list
- Government Releases Complete Information about 9/11 Crash
- Pre-9/11 aircraft image
- The September 11, 2001 archive of the United Airlines website with condolences for the deceased (Archive)
- Pages with additional information, starting September 12, 2001 (Archive)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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